Please wait while we load your article...

Home > Vine

Learn more about "Vine"

Vine

A '''vine''' is any plant of genus ''Grape|Vitis'' (the grape plants) or, by extension, any similar climbing or trailing plant. The word, derived from Latin ''vīnea,'' referred to the grape-bearing variety. The modern extended sense is restricted to North American English, which uses ''grapevine'' to refer to the grape-bearing ''Vitis'' species. (British English tends to use ''climber'' to refer to the broader category, including, for example, ivy.) This article uses the term ''vine'' in its broader, North American sense.

Climbing plants

Certain plants always grow as vines, while a few grow as vines only part of the time. For instance, Toxicodendron|poison ivy and Solanum dulcamara|bittersweet can grow as low shrubs when support is not available, but will become vines when support is available. A vine is a growth form based on long, Plant stem|stems. This has two purposes. A vine may use rock exposures, other plants, or other supports for growth rather than investing energy in a lot of supportive tissue, enabling the plant to reach sunlight with a minimum investment of energy. This has been a highly-successful growth form for plants such as kudzu and Japanese honeysucker, both of which are invasive exotics in parts of North America. There are some tropical vines that develop skototropism, and grow away from the light, a type of negative phototropism. Growth away from light allows the vine to reach a tree trunk, which it can then climb to brighter regions. Janice Glimn-Lacy, Peter B. Kaufman. ''Botany Illustrated''. Springer (2006). The vine growth form may also enable plants to colonize large areas quickly, even without climbing high. This is the case with Vinca|periwinkle and ground ivy. It is also an adaptation to life in areas where small patches of fertile soil are adjacent to exposed areas with more sunlight but little or no soil. A vine can root in the soil but have most of its leaves in the brighter, exposed area, getting the best of both worlds. A climbing habit has evolved independently in several plant families, using many different climbing methods. http://ecology.info/vines.htm Some plants climb by twining their stems around a support (e.g., morning glories, ''Ipomoea'' species). Others climb by way of adventitious, clinging roots (e.g., ivy, ''Hedera'' species), with twining petioles (e.g., ''Clematis'' species), or using tendrils, which can be specialized shoots (Vitaceae), leaves (Bignoniaceae), or even inflorescences (''Passiflora''). Species of ''Parthenocissus'' (Vitaceae) produce twining tendrils that are modified stems, but which also produce adhesive pads at the end that attach themselves quite strongly to the support. The evolution of a climbing habit has been implicated as a key innovation associated with the evolutionary success and diversification of a number of taxonomic groups of plants. Royal Society Publishing - Proc. R. Soc. B (1996-) - Volume 271 - Number 1552/October 07, 2004 - p2011-2015 - Evolution of a climbing habit promotes diversification in flowering plants - Journal Article Most vines are flowering plants. These may be divided into woody vines or lianas, such as wisteria, kiwifruit, and Hedera|common ivy, and herbaceous (nonwoody) vines, such as morning glory. One odd group of vining plants is the fern genus ''Lygodium'', called climbing ferns. The stem does not climb, but rather the fronds (leaves) do. The fronds unroll from the tip, and theoretically never stop growing. In the meantime, they can form thickets as they unroll over other plants, rockfaces, and fences.

Climbing plants as Garden plants

Gardeners can use the tendency of climbing plants to grow quickly. If a plant display is wanted fast a climber can achieve this. Climbers can be trained over walls, pergolas, fences etc. Climbers can be grown over other plants to provide additional attraction. Artificial support can also be provided. Some climbers climb by themselves; others need work, such as tying them in and training them.

Some types of vines

- Grape
- Wild Grape
- Virginia Creeper
- Wisteria
- Common Ivy
- Poison ivy|Poison Ivy
- Morning glory|Morning Glory
- Kudzu
- Sweet pea
- Bougainvillea
- Common boar

References

Related Images

- A curling tendril
- Climbing plant, covering a chimney

Sources: StartLearningNow, Wikipedia | Usage license: GNU FDL

Welcome to Start Learning Now. Explore to your heart's content, and we hope you enjoy reading the material we have assembled for you here!

Related News

Further Resources


	home lucky pick

Related Resources