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Fungemia
Fungemia (also known as '''Candidemia''', '''Candedemia''', and '''Invasive Candidiasis''') is the presence of fungus|fungi or yeasts in the blood. It is most commonly seen in immunosuppressed or immunocompromised patients with severe neutropenia, oncology patients, or in patients with intravenous catheters. Recently, it has been suggested the otherwise immunocompetent patients taking infliximab may be at a higher risk for fungemia.
The diagnosis is complicated, as routine blood cultures have poor sensitivity.
Treatment
Treatment involves use of antifungals, e.g. fluconazole or amphotericin.
Risk factors
The two most important risk factors are:
- Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics
- Colonization by fungi (see e.g. candidiasis)
Other risk factors are:
- Dialysis
- Diabetes
- Lowered intestinal flora
- Suppressed Immune system
- Central venous catheter
- High severity of illness
- Multiple abdominal surgery|surgeries
- Use of steroids
- Burn (injury)|burns
Pathogens
The most commonly known pathogen is ''Candida albicans'', causing roughly 70% of fungemias, followed by ''Candida glabrata'' with 10%, and ''Aspergillus'' with 1%. However, the frequency of infection by ''T. glabrata'', ''Candida tropicalis'', ''Candida krusei|C. krusei'', and ''Candida parapsilosis|C. parapsilosis'' is increasing, especially when significant use of fluconazole is common.
Symptoms
Symptoms can range from mild to extreme, often described as extreme flu-like symptoms. Pain, mental disorders, chronic fatigue (medical)|fatigue, infections, are a few of the long list of associated symptoms with Fungemia.
See also
- Bacteremia
- Candidiasis
- Mycosis
External links
- Treatment of fungal infections
- Candidiasis: Overview and Full Index
Category:Fungal diseases
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Sources: StartLearningNow, Wikipedia | Usage license: GNU FDL
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