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Neckar
The '''Neckar''' is a 367-km long river, mainly flowing through the southwestern States of Germany|state of Baden-Württemberg, but also a short section through Hesse in Germany, a major right tributary of the Rhine|River Rhine, which it joins at Mannheim. Rising in the Black Forest near Villingen-Schwenningen in the conservation area ''Schwenninger Moos'' at a height of 706 m above sea level, it passes through Rottweil, Rottenburg am Neckar, Tübingen, Nürtingen, Plochingen, Esslingen am Neckar|Esslingen, Stuttgart, Ludwigsburg, Marbach am Neckar|Marbach, Heilbronn and Heidelberg, before discharging into the Rhine at Mannheim (at 95 m above sea level).
Along its valley in the Odenwald hills, many castles can be found, like Burg Hornberg and Burg Guttenberg in Haßmersheim, but also the closed Obrigheim Nuclear Power Plant. After passing Heidelberg, the Neckar discharges on average 145 m³/s of water into the Rhine, which makes the Neckar its 4th largest tributary, and the 10th largest river in Germany.
The name ''Neckar'' was derived from ''Nicarus'' and ''Neccarus'' from Celtic languages|Celtic ''Nikros'', meaning ''wild water'' or ''wild fellow''. Since about 1100, Black Forest wood was transported by timber rafting, e.g. to Holland for the use in shipyards.
During the 19th century, traditional horse-drawn boats were replaced by steam boats that used a 155-km long chain in the river to pull themselves upstream. The railway made it possible to transport timber to the port of Heilbronn, limiting timber rafting to the lower part of the Neckar after 1899. Thanks to the construction of 11 locks, ships up to 1500t could travel to Heilbronn in 1935.
By 1968, the last of 27 locks, at Deizisau, was completed, making the Neckar navigable for cargo ships about 200 km upstream from Mannheim up to the river port of Plochingen, where the Fils River|Fils joins, and where the Neckar bends, taking a Northwestern instead of a Northeastern direction. Other important ports include Stuttgart, Heilbronn and Mannheim.
The river's course provides a popular route for cyclists, especially during the summer months. Its steep valley sides are used as vineyards, to cultivate mainly Trollinger.
Towns along the Neckar
From its source to its confluence with the Rhine:
- Villingen-Schwenningen
- Rottweil
- Oberndorf am Neckar
- Sulz am Neckar
- Horb am Neckar
- Rottenburg am Neckar
- Tübingen
- Nürtingen
- Plochingen
- Esslingen am Neckar|Esslingen (am Neckar)
- Stuttgart
- Fellbach
- Ludwigsburg
- Freiberg am Neckar
- Benningen am Neckar
- Marbach am Neckar
- Besigheim
- Lauffen am Neckar
- Heilbronn
- Neckarsulm
- Bad Wimpfen
- Mosbach
- Eberbach (Baden)|Eberbach
- Heidelberg
- Mannheim
Main tributaries
- Eschach (left side, at Rottweil-Bühlingen)
- Ammer (left side, at Lustnau|Tübingen-Lustnau)
- Echaz (right side, at Kirchentellinsfurt)
- Lauter (right side, at Wendlingen)
- Fils River|Fils (right side, at Plochingen)
- Nesenbach (left side, at Stuttgart-Ost)
- Rems (right side, at Remseck)
- Murr (right side, at Marbach am Neckar|Marbach)
- Enz (left side, at Besigheim)
- Zaber (left side, at Lauffen)
- Sulm (German river)|Sulm (right side, at Neckarsulm)
- Kocher (right side, at Bad Friedrichshall)
- Jagst (right side, at Bad Wimpfen)
- Elz (right side, at Mosbach-Neckarelz)
ImageSize = width:400 height:750
PlotArea = left:50 right:0 bottom:10 top:10
AlignBars = early
DateFormat = yyyy
Period = from:0 till:200000
TimeAxis = orientation:vertical
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:50000 start:0
ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:10000 start:0
- there is no automatic collision detection,
- so shift texts up or down manually to avoid overlap
Define $dx = 15 # shift text to right side of bar
Define $dy = -3 # shift text down
Colors =
id:wasser value:blue legend:Neckar
id:schleuse value:yellow legend:Lock
Legend = orientation:vertical position:bottom
PlotData=
bar:Schleusen color:wasser width:25 mark:(line,schleuse) align:left fontsize:M
from:0 till:200000
at:6200 shift:($dx,$dy) color:wasser text: 6.2 km Feudenheim Lock
at:17700 shift:($dx,$dy) text: 17.7 km Schwabenheim Lock
at:26100 shift:($dx,$dy) text: 26.1 km Heidelberg Lock
at:30800 shift:($dx,$dy) text: 30.8 km Neckargemünd Lock
at:39300 shift:($dx,$dy) text: 39.3 km Neckarsteinach Lock
at:47700 shift:($dx,$dy) text: 47.7 km Hirschhorn Lock
at:61400 shift:($dx,$dy) text: 61.4 km Rockenau Lock
at:72200 shift:($dx,$dy) text: 72.2 km Guttenbach Lock
at:85900 shift:($dx,$dy) text: 85.9 km Neckarzimmern Lock
at:93800 shift:($dx,$dy) text: 93.8 km Gundelsheim Lock
at:103900 shift:($dx,$dy) text:103.9 km Kochendorf Lock
at:113600 shift:($dx,$dy) text:113.6 km Heilbronn Lock
at:117500 shift:($dx,$dy) text:117.5 km Horkheim Lock
at:125100 shift:($dx,$dy) text:125.1 km Lauffen Lock
at:136200 shift:($dx,$dy) text:136.2 km Besigheim Lock
at:143000 shift:($dx,$dy) text:143.0 km Hessigheim Lock
at:150100 shift:($dx,$dy) text:150.1 km Pleidelsheim Lock
at:157600 shift:($dx,$dy) text:157.6 km Marbach Lock
at:165000 shift:($dx,$dy) text:165.0 km Poppenweiler Lock
at:171400 shift:($dx,$dy) text:171.4 km Aldingen Lock
at:176200 shift:($dx,$dy) text:176.2 km Hofen Lock
at:182700 shift:($dx,$dy) text:182.7 km Cannstatt Lock
at:186700 shift:($dx,-5) text:186.7 km Untertürkheim Lock
at:189500 shift:($dx,$dy) text:189.5 km Obertürkheim Lock
at:194000 shift:($dx,-8) text:194.0 km Esslingen Lock
at:194800 shift:($dx,1) text:194.8 km Oberesslingen Lock
at:199500 shift:($dx,$dy) text:199.5 km Deizisau Lock
External l inks
- Old Town Heidelberg on the river Neckar
- Tourism Information of the river Neckar(German)
Category:Rhine basin
Category:Rivers of Baden-Württemberg
Category:Rivers of Hesse
simple:Neckar
Related Images- The River Körsch, a tributary, flows into the Neckar opposite the Altbach power station
Sources: StartLearningNow, Wikipedia | Usage license: GNU FDL
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