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1901
Year '''1901''' ('''Roman numerals|MCMI''') was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday
[
"Calendar in year 1901 (Russia)" (Julian on Monday), webpage:
Julian-1901
(Russia used the Julian calendar until 1919).
]
of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar).
It was the first year of the 20th century.
Events of 1901
January
- January 1
- The world celebrates the beginning of the Twentieth Century.
- The Crown colony|British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria (Australia)|Victoria and Western Australia Australian Federation|federate as the Commonwealth of Australia. Edmund Barton becomes first Prime Minister.
- Nigeria becomes a United Kingdom|British protectorate.
- January 5 - Typhoid fever breaks out in a Seattle jail, the first of 2 typhoid outbreaks in the USA during the year.
- January 7 - Alferd Packer is released from prison after serving 18 years for cannibalism.
- January 10 - In the first great Texas gusher, Petroleum|oil is discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas.
- January 22 - After reigning for almost 64 years, longer than any other British monarch, Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria dies at the age of 81. Her eldest son, Prince Albert Edward, Prince of Wales becomes King, reigning as Edward VII of the United Kingdom|King Edward VII until 1910. His son, George V of the United Kingdom|Prince George, Duke of York becomes Duke of Cornwall.
- January 28 - Baseball's American League declares itself a Major League.
February-April
- February 14 - Edward VII of the United Kingdom|King Edward VII opens his first parliament.
- February 15 - The Alianza Lima Foundation is created in Peru.
- February 20 - The Hawaii|Hawaii Territory Legislature convenes for the first time.
- March 2 - The United States Congress|U.S. Congress passes the Platt Amendment, limiting the autonomy of Cuba as a condition for the withdrawal of American troops.
- March 4 - President of the United States|United States President William McKinley begins his 2nd term. Theodore Roosevelt is sworn in as Vice President of the United States.
- March 6 - In Bremen (city)|Bremen, an assassin attempts to kill William II, German Emperor|Wilhelm II of Germany.
- March 17 - A showing of 71 Vincent van Gogh paintings in Paris, 11 years after his death, creates a sensation.
- March 31 - The United Kingdom Census 1901 is taken.
- April 25 - New York State becomes the first to require automobile license plates.
- April 29 - Anti-Jewish rioting breaks out in Budapest.
May-July
- May 3 - The Great Fire of 1901 begins in Jacksonville|Jacksonville, FL.
- May 5 - The Caste War of Yucatán officially ends, although Maya peoples|Mayan skirmishers continue sporadic fighting for another decade.
- May 9 - Australia opens its first Australian Parliament|parliament in Melbourne.
- May 17 - The U.S. stock market crashes for the first time.
- May 24 - 78 miners die in the Caerphilly pit disaster in South Wales.
- May 25 - The Club Atlético River Plate is founded in Argentina.
- May 27 - In New Jersey, the Edison Storage Battery Company is founded.
- May 28 - Iran (known as Persia until 1935) grants William Knox D'Arcy a concession, giving him the right to prospect for oil.
- June 2 - Katsura Taro becomes Prime Minister of Japan.
- June 12 - Cuba becomes a U.S. protectorate.
- July 4 - The 1,282 foot (390 meters) covered bridge crossing the St. John River at Hartland, New Brunswick, Canada opens. It is the longest covered bridge in the world.
- July 24 - O. Henry is released from prison in Columbus, Ohio after serving 3 years for embezzlement from the First National Bank in Austin, Texas.
August
- August 5 - Peter O'Connor sets the first International Association of Athletics Federations recognised long jump athletics world record|world record of 24ft 11¾ins. The record will stand for 20 years.
- August 6 - Discovery Expedition: Robert Falcon Scott sets sail on the RRS ''Discovery'' to explore the Ross Sea in Antarctica.
- 30 August - Hubert Cecil Booth patents an electric vacuum cleaner.
September
- September 2 - U.S. Vice President of the United States|Vice President Theodore Roosevelt utters the famous phrase, "Speak softly and carry a Big stick diplomacy|big stick" at the Minnesota State Fair.
- September 5 - The National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues (later renamed Minor League Baseball), is formed in Chicago.
- September 6 - American anarchist Leon Czolgosz shoots U.S. President William McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. William McKinley assassination|McKinley dies 8 days later.
- September 7 - The Boxer Rebellion in China officially ends with the signing of the Boxer Protocol.
- September 14 - Theodore Roosevelt succeeds William McKinley as President of the United States.
- September 26 - The body of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln is exhumed and reinterred in concrete several feet thick.
October
- October 2 - The Royal Navy's first submarine is launched at Barrow.
- October 4 - The American yacht ''Columbia (1899 yacht)|Columbia'' defeats the Irish ''Shamrock (yacht)|Shamrock'' in the America's Cup yachting race.
- October 16 - U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt invites African American leader Booker T. Washington to the White House. The American South reacts angrily to the visit, and racial violence increases in the region.
- October 23 - Yale University celebrates its bicentennial.
- October 24 - Michigan schoolteacher Annie Taylor goes down Niagara Falls in a barrel and survives.
- October 29
- In Amherst, Massachusetts, nurse Jane Toppan is arrested for murdering the Davis Family of Boston with an overdose of morphine.
- Leon Czolgosz, the assassin of William McKinley, is Capital punishment|executed by electrocution.
November-December
- November 1 - Sigma Phi Epsilon is founded in Richmond, Virginia|Richmond, VA.
- November 9 - George V of the United Kingdom|Prince George, Duke of Cornwall becomes Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester.
- November 15 - The Alpha Sigma Alpha Fraternity is founded at Longwood University.
- November 28 - The Alabama Constitution|new state constitution of Alabama requires voters to have passed literacy tests.
- December 3 - U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt delivers a 20,000-word speech to the United States House of Representatives|House of Representatives asking Congress to curb the power of Trust (19th century)|trusts "within reasonable limits."
- December 10 - The first Nobel Prize ceremony is held in Stockholm on the 5th anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death.
- December 12 - Guglielmo Marconi receives the first trans-Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic radio signal in Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland, Canada; it is Morse code for the letter "S."
- December 14 - The first date recognized by ext4.
- December 20 - The final spike is driven into the Uganda Railway|Mombasa-Victoria-Uganda Railway in what is now Kisumu, Kenya.
Undated
- Scotland Yard creates a fingerprint archive.
- Europium is isolated by Eugène-Anatole Demarçay.
- William S. Harley draws up plans for his first prototype Harley-Davidson|motorcycle.
- The okapi is observed for the first time (previously known only to local natives).
- The Independent Maya of Eastern Yucatán surrender to Mexico.
- The Intercollegiate Prohibition Association is established in Chicago.
- Shō Tai (Shang Tai), the last king of the Ryūkyū Kingdom in modern Okinawa, Japan, dies.
- New Zealand inventor Ernest Godward invents the spiral hairpin, one of the most widely-used devices on the planet.
- The first reliable census in India is taken.
- Alzheimer's disease is described for the first time by Germany|German psychiatrist Alois Alzheimer.
Ongoing
- Second Boer War
- Thousand Days War (1899-1902)
- Philippine-American War (1899-1913)
Births
January-February
- January 3 - Ngo Dinh Diem, 1st President of South Vietnam (d. 1963)
- January 4 - CLR James, Trinidad-born writer and journalist (d. 1989)
- January 14 - Bebe Daniels, American actress (d. 1971)
- January 16
- Fulgencio Batista, Cuban leader (d. 1973)
- Frank Zamboni, American inventor (d. 1988)
- January 24 - Harry Calder, South African cricketer (d. 1995)
- January 26 - Stuart Symington, American politician (d. 1988)
- January 27 - Art Rooney, American football team owner (d. 1988)
- January 29 - E. P. Taylor, Canadian business tycoon (d. 1989)
- January 30 - Rudolf Caracciola, German race car driver (d. 1959)
- February 1 - Clark Gable, American actor (d. 1960)
- February 2 - Jascha Heifetz, Lithuanian violinist (d. 1987)
- February 10 - Stella Adler, American actress (d. 1992)
- February 15 - João Branco Núncio, Portuguese bullfighter (d. 1976)
- February 22 - Mildred Davis, American actress (d. 1969)
- February 25 - Zeppo Marx, American comedian (d. 1979)
- February 27 - Horatio Luro, Argentine horse trainer (d. 1991)
- February 28 - Linus Pauling, American chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and Nobel Peace Prize|Peace (d. 1994)
March-April
- March 4
- Charles Goren, American bridge player (d. 1991)
- Jean Joseph Rabearivelo, Malagasy-French poet (d. 1937)
- March 17 - Alfred Newman, American film composer (d. 1970)
- March 21 - Karl Arnold, German politician (d. 1958)
- March 22 - Greta Kempton, American artist (d. 1991)
- March 24 - Ub Iwerks, American cartoonist (d. 1971)
- March 27
- Carl Barks, American cartoonist (d. 2000)
- Erich Ollenhauer, German politician (d. 1963)
- Eisaku Sato, Prime Minister of Japan, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1975)
- Kenneth Slessor, Australian poet (d. 1971)
- March 28 - Jack Weil, American entrepreneur (d. 2008)
- April 1 - Whittaker Chambers, American spy (d. 1961)
- April 15 - Joe Davis, English snooker and billiards player (d. 1978)
- April 18 - Al Lewis (lyricist)|Al Lewis, American songwriter (d. 1967)
- April 29 - Emperor Hirohito of Japan (d. 1989)
- April 30 - Simon Kuznets, Ukrainian-born economist, Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1985)
May-June
- May 5 - Blind Willie McTell, American singer (d. 1959)
- May 7 - Gary Cooper, American actor (d. 1961)
- May 17 - Werner Egk, German composer (d. 1983)
- May 18 - Vincent du Vigneaud, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1978)
- May 20 - Max Euwe, Dutch chess player (d. 1981)
- May 21
- Horace Heidt, American bandleader (d. 1986)
- Sam Jaffe (producer)|Sam Jaffe, American film producer (d. 2000)
- Suzanne Lilar, Belgian essayist, novelist, and playwright (d. 1992)
- May 31 - Alfredo Antonini, American conductor and composer (d. 1983)
- June 3 - Chang Hsüeh-liang, Chinese military leader (d. 2001)
- June 6 - Sukarno, first President of Indonesia (d. 1970)
- June 17 - F. F. E. Yeo-Thomas, English World War II hero (d. 1964)
- June 18 - Anastasia Nicolaievna Romanova|Grand Duchess Anastasia of Russia (d. 1918)
- June 23 - Chuck Taylor (salesman)|Chuck Taylor, American basketball player and salesman (d. 1969)
- June 24 - Harry Partch, American composer (d. 1974)
- June 29 - Nelson Eddy, American singer and actor (d. 1967)
July-August
- July 7 - Eiji Tsuburaya, Japanese film director and special effects designer (d. 1970)
- July 9 - Barbara Cartland, English novelist (d. 2000)
- July 17 - Bruno Jasienski|Bruno Jasieński, Polish poet (d. 1938)
- July 20 - Heinie Manush, American baseball player (d. 1971)
- July 21 - Albert Hamilton Gordon, American businessman and philanthropist
- July 31 - Jean Dubuffet, French painter (d. 1985)
- August 1 - Francisco Guilledo|Pancho Villa, Filipino boxer (d. 1925)
- August 4 - Louis Armstrong, American jazz musician (d. 1971)
- August 8 - Ernest Lawrence, American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958)
- August 10 - Franco Rasetti|Franco Dino Rasetti, Italian scientist (d. 2001)
- August 18 - Jean Guitton, French writer and philosopher (d. 1999)
- August 20 - Salvatore Quasimodo, Italian writer, Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1968)
- August 26
- Maxwell Taylor, American general (d. 1987)
- Chen Yi (communist)|Chen Yi, Chinese military commander and politician (d. 1972)
- August 30 - John Gunther, American writer (d. 1970)
September-October
- September 9
- James Blades, English percussionist (d. 1999)
- Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd, Prime Minister of South Africa (d. 1966)
- September 12 - Ben Blue, Canadian-born comedian and actor (d. 1975)
- September 15 - Donald Bailey|Sir Donald Bailey, British civil engineer (d. 1985)
- September 22 - Charles B. Huggins, Canadian-born cancer researcher, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1997)
- September 23 - Jaroslav Seifert, Czech writer, Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
- September 25 - Gordon Coventry, Australian rules footballer (d. 1968)
- September 28
- Ed Sullivan, American entertainer (d. 1974)
- William S. Paley, American businessman (''CBS'') (d. 1990)
- September 29
- Enrico Fermi, Italian physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1954)
- Lanza del Vasto, Italian philosopher, poet, and activist (d. 1981)
- October 2 - Alice Prin, French singer (d. 1953)
- October 10 - Alberto Giacometti, Swiss sculptor (d. 1966)
- October 24 - Gilda Gray, Polish-born dancer and actress (d. 1959)
November-December
- November 3 - Léopold III of Belgium (d. 1983)
- November 4 - Masako Nashimoto, Crown Princess of Korea (d. 1989)
- November 7 - Norah McGuinness, Irish painter and illustrator (d. 1980)
- November 18 - George Gallup, American statistician and opinion pollster (d. 1984)
- November 22 - Joaquin Rodrigo, Spanish composer (d. 1999)
- November 29 - Mildred Harris, American actress (d. 1944)
- December 5
- Milton Erickson, American psychiatrist (d. 1980)
- December 5
- Walt Disney, American animator and film producer (d. 1966)
- Werner Heisenberg, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1976)
- December 16 - Margaret Mead, American cultural anthropologist (d. 1978)
- December 19 - Rudolf Hell, German inventor (d. 2002)
- December 25 - Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester (d. 2004)
- December 27 - Marlene Dietrich, German-American actress (d. 1992)
- December 31 - Karl-August Fagerholm, Prime Minister of Finland (d. 1984)
- ''date unknown'' - Nadezhda Alliluyeva-Stalin, second wife of Joseph Stalin (d. 1932)
Deaths
January - June
- January 1 - Ignatius L. Donnelly, U.S. politician and writer (b. 1831)
- January 8 - John Barry (VC)|John Barry, Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross (b. 1873)
- January 11 - Vasily Kalinnikov, Russian composer (b. 1866)
- January 16
- Arnold Böcklin, Swiss artist (b. 1827)
- Mahadev Govind Ranade, Indian reformer (b. 1842)
- January 21 - Elisha Gray, American inventor and appliance manufacturer (b. 1835)
- January 22 - Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom and Empress of India (b. 1819)
- January 27 - Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (b. 1813)
- February 11 - King Milan I of Serbia (b. 1854)
- February 22 - George Francis FitzGerald, Irish mathematician (b. 1851)
- February 26 - Lucyna Ćwierczakiewiczowa, Polish writer (b. 1829)
- March 13 - Benjamin Harrison, 23rd President of the United States (b. 1833)
- April 3 - Richard D'Oyly Carte, English impresario (b. 1844)
- April 19 - Alfred Horatio Belo, American businessman and newswriter (b. 1839)
- May 1 - Lewis Waterman, American inventor and businessman (b. 1837)
- May 22 - Gaetano Bresci Italian anarchist and assassin (b 1869)
- May 24 - Charlotte Mary Yonge, English novelist (b. 1823)
- June 2 - George Leslie Mackay, Canadian missionary (b. 1844)
- June 9 - Walter Besant, English writer (b. 1836)
July - December
- July 4 - Johannes Schmidt (linguist)|Johannes Schmidt, German linguist (b. 1843)
- July 6 - Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1819)
- August 5 - Victoria, Princess Royal and Empress Frederick|Victoria, Empress of Germany (b. 1840)
- August 12 - Francesco Crispi, Italian Prime Minister (b. 1819)
- August 24 - Clara Maass, American nurse (b. 1876)
- September 5 - Ignacij Klemenčič, Slovenian physicist (b. 1853)
- September 9 - Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, French painter (b. 1864)
- September 14 - William McKinley, 25th President of the United States (b. 1843)
- October 1 - Abdor Rahman Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (b. 1844)
- October 10 - Lorenzo Snow, Mormon leader (b. 1814)
- October 19 - Carl Frederik Tietgen, Danish financier and industrialist (b. 1829)
- October 29 - Leon Czolgosz, Polish-American assassin of U.S. President William McKinley (b. 1873)
- November 7 - Li Hongzhang, Chinese general (b. 1823)
- November 27 - Clement Studebaker, American manufacturer (b. 1831)
- November 30 - Edward John Eyre, English explorer (b. 1815)
- December 1 - George Lohmann, English cricketer (b. 1865)
Nobel prizes
- Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics - Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
- Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry - Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff
- Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Medicine - Emil Adolf von Behring
- Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature - Sully Prudhomme
- Nobel Peace Prize|Peace - Jean Henri Dunant, Frederic Passy|Frédéric Passy
Notes
Category:1901|
zh-min-nan:1901 nî
map-bms:1901
be-x-old:1901
simple:1901
zh-yue:1901年
cbk-zam:1901
bat-smg:1901
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