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1890
Year '''1890''' ('''Roman numerals|MDCCCXC''') was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar).
Events of 1890
January - March
- January 1
- The Kingdom of Italy establishes Eritrea as its colony in northeast Africa.
- In Michigan, the wooden steamer ''Mackinaw'' burned in a fire on the Black River.["Full List of Thunder Bay Region Shipwrecks" (by name), MSU Sea Grant Extension,
Northeast District, Michigan State University, 2000, webpage:
MSUE-TB-wrecks.]
- January 2
- Steamship ''Persia'' wrecked off Corsica: 130 lives lost.["List of shipwrecks of 1866-1911" (timeline), webpage: TBD.]
- Alice Sanger becomes the first female staffer in the White House.
- January 25
- United Mine Workers of America is founded.
- Nellie Bly completes her round-the-world journey in 72 days.
- February 17 - British steamship ''Duburg'' wrecked in China Sea: 400 lives lost.[
]
- March 1
- United Kingdom|British steamship ''Quetia'' foundered in Lorres Straits; 124 lives lost.
- March 1 - Léon Bourgeois succeeds Ernest Constans as French Minister of the Interior (France)|Minister of the Interior.
- March 4 - The longest bridge in Britain, the Forth Bridge (railway)|Forth Bridge (1,710 ft) in Scotland, is opened.
- March 8 - North Dakota State University is founded in Fargo, North Dakota.
- March 20 - Wilhelm II of Germany fires Otto von Bismarck.
- March 27 - A tornado strikes Louisville, Kentucky, killing 76 people and injuring 200.
- March 28 - Washington State University is founded in Pullman, Washington.
April - June
- May 12 - The first ever ''official'' County Championship cricket match begins in Bristol. Yorkshire beats Gloucestershire by eight wickets.
- May 31 - The 5-story skylight Cleveland Arcade|Arcade opens in Cleveland, Ohio.
- June 1 - The United States Census Bureau begins using Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine to count census returns.
- June 12 - In Michigan, the wooden steamer ''Ryan'' is lost near Thunder Bay Island.[
] July - September
- July 2 - The Sherman Anti-Trust Act and Sherman Silver Purchase Act become United States law.
- July 3 - Idaho is admitted as the 43rd U.S. State.
- July 10 - Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. State.
- July 27 - Vincent van Gogh shoots himself in the stomach and dies two days later.
- July - Politics of Japan - first general election for the House of Representatives of Japan. c. 5% of the adult male population elect a lower house of Diet of Japan.
- August 6 - At Auburn Prison in New York, William Kemmler becomes the first person to be execution (legal)|executed in the electric chair.
- September 19 - Turkey|Turkish frigate ''Ertogrul'' founders off Japan: 540 lives lost.[
] October - December
- October 8 - First brief, partially-controlled flight of Clement Ader's airplane "Eole" in Satory, France.
- October 11 - In Washington, DC, the Daughters of the American Revolution is founded.
- October 13
- In Michigan, the schooner ''J.F. Warner'' is lost at Thunder Bay.
- The Delta Chi|Delta Chi Fraternity is founded by 11 law students at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.
- November 23 - King William III of the Netherlands dies without a male heir, and his daughter Wilhelmina of the Netherlands|Princess Wilhelmina becomes Queen, causing Luxembourg (who required a male heir) to declare independence.
- November 29
- The Meiji Constitution goes into effect in Japan and the first Diet of Japan|Diet convenes.
- In West Point, New York, the United States Navy defeats the United States Army 24 to 0 in the first Army-Navy football game.
- November - Scotland Yard, headquarters of the Metropolitan Police Service, moves to a building on London's Victoria Embankment, as the New Scotland Yard.
- December 27 - United Kingdom|British steamship ''Shanghai'' burned in China Sea: 101 lives lost.[
]
- December 29 - Wounded Knee Massacre: At Wounded Knee, South Dakota the US 7th Cavalry Regiment tries to disarm camp & shooting starts. 153 Lakota Sioux and 25 troops are killed; about 150 flee the scene.
Undated
- The corrugated cardboard box is invented by Robert Gair, a Brooklyn printer who developed production of paper-board boxes in 1879.
- U.S. Census - Herman Hollerith devises a method using punch cards (like Joseph-Marie Jacquard|Jacquard's loom) to tabulate census data by machine. (see also History of computing hardware). Hollerith's company eventually becomes International Business Machines|IBM.
- Prosecution of Edward King (English bishop)|Edward King, Anglican bishop of Lincoln for using Ritualism|ritualistic practices ends.
- The United States city of Boise, Idaho drills the first Geothermal (geology)|geothermal well.
- Brown Trout introduced into the upper Firehole River in Yellowstone National Park.
- High School Cadets was written by John Phillip Sousa.
- William II of Prussia opposes Bismarck's attempt to renew the law outlawing the Social Democratic party.
- Blackwall Buildings, Whitechapel, in the East End of London, noted philanthropic housing built.
Image:Corrugated Cardboard.JPG| Cardboard|Corrugated boxes
Image:Puhagan geothermal plant.jpg| Geothermal power
Births
January - June
- January 1 - Anton Melik, Slovenian geographer (d. 1966)
- January 4 - Victor Lustig, Bohemian-born con artist (d. 1947)
- January 9
- Kurt Tucholsky, German-born journalist and satirist (d. 1935)
- Karel Čapek, Czech writer (d. 1938)
- January 11 - Oswald de Andrade, Brazilian Modernism|Modernist writer (d.1954)
- January 19 - Élise Rivet, French Roman Catholic nun and war heroine (d. 1945)
- January 22 - Fred M. Vinson, Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1953)
- January 28 - Robert Stroud, "Birdman of Alcatraz" (d. 1963)
- February 10 - Boris Pasternak, Russian writer, Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize laureate (declined) (d. 1960)
- February 14 - Nina Hamnett, Welsh artist (d. 1956)
- February 17 - Ronald Fisher, English biologist (d. 1962)
- February 18 - Adolphe Menjou, American actor (d. 1963)
- February 24 - Marjorie Main, American actress (d. 1975)
- February 25 - Dame Myra Hess, English pianist (d. 1965)
- February 27 - Freddie Keppard, American jazz musician (d. 1933)
- March 3 - Norman Bethune, Canadian doctor and humanitarian (d. 1939)
- March 9 - (new style) Vyacheslav Molotov, Soviet politician (d. 1986)
- March 11 - Vannevar Bush, United States|American engineer, inventor, and politician (d. 1974)
- March 20
- Beniamino Gigli, Italian tenor (d. 1957)
- Lauritz Melchior, Danish-American tenor (d. 1973)
- March 28 - Paul Whiteman, American bandleader (d. 1967)
- March 31 - William Lawrence Bragg, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
- April 6 - Anthony Fokker, Dutch aircraft manufacturer (d. 1939)
- April 7 - Marjory Stoneman Douglas, American conservationist and writer (d. 1998)
- April 11 - Donna Rachele Mussolini, Italian, wife of Benito Mussolini (died 1979)
- April 15 - Percy Shaw, British Inventor (d. 1976)
- April 16 - Fred Root, English cricketer (d. 1954)
- April 20 - Maurice Duplessis, Premier of Québec|premier of Québec (d. 1959)
- May 4 - Franklin Carmichael, Canadian artist (d. 1945)
- May 10 - Alfred Jodl, German general (d. 1946)
- May 11 - Woodall Rodgers, mayor of Dallas, Texas (d. 1961)
- May 15 - Katherine Anne Porter, American author (d. 1980)
- May 19 - Ho Chi Minh, Prime minister/president of North Vietnam (d. 1969)
- May 23 - Herbert Marshall, English actor (d. 1966)
- June 6 - Ted Lewis (musician)|Ted Lewis, American jazz musician and entertainer (d. 1971)
- June 16 - Stan Laurel, British actor (d. 1965)
- June 26 - Jeanne Eagels, American actress (d. 1929)
July - December
- July 18 - Frank Forde, Australian Prime Minister of Australia|Prime Minister (d. 1983)
- July 22 - Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, American philanthropist and matriarch of the Kennedy family (d. 1995)
- August 4 - Erich Weinert, German writer and political activist (d. 1953)
- August 5 - Erich Kleiber, Austrian conductor (d. 1956)
- August 10 - Angus Lewis Macdonald|Angus L. Macdonald, Nova Scotia Premier (d. 1954)
- August 15
- Jacques Ibert, French composer (d. 1962)
- Elizabeth Bolden, American, last verified person born in 1890 (d. 2006)
- August 18 - Walther Funk, German politician (d. 1960)
- August 20 - H. P. Lovecraft, American writer (d. 1937)
- August 24 - Duke Kahanamoku, American swimmer (d. 1968)
- September 10 - Elsa Schiaparelli, French couturiere (d. 1973)
- September 15
- Agatha Christie, English writer (d. 1976)
- Frank Martin (composer)|Frank Martin, Swiss composer (d. 1974)
- September 20 - Jelly Roll Morton, American jazz pianist, composer, and bandleader (d. 1941)
- Ra'hel Bluwstein, Israeli poet (d. 1931)
- October 2 - Groucho Marx, American comedian (d. 1977)
- October 8 - Eddie Rickenbacker, American WWI fighter pilot (d. 1973)
- October 13 - Conrad Richter, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1968)
- October 14 - Dwight D. Eisenhower|Dwight David Eisenhower, U.S. general and President of the United States (d. 1969)
- October 16
- Michael Collins (Irish leader)|Michael Collins, Irish patriot (d. 1922)
- Paul Strand, American photographer (d. 1976)
- October 17 - Roy Kilner, English cricketer (d. 1928)
- November 20 - Leon Cadore, American baseball pitcher (d. 1968)
- November 22 - Charles de Gaulle, President of France (d. 1970)
- November 23 - El Lissitzky, Russian artist and architect (d. 1941)
- December 5 - David Bomberg, English painter (d. 1957)
- December 8 - Bohuslav Martinů, Czech composer (d. 1959)
- December 11 - Carlos Gardel, Argentine Argentine Tango|tango singer (d. 1935)
- December 20 - Jaroslav Heyrovský, Czech chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1967)
- December 21 - Hermann Joseph Muller, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1967)
- December 26 - Uncle Charlie Osborne, Appalachian fiddler (d. 1992)
- December 30 - Lanoe Hawker, British fighter pilot (d. 1916)
- ''date unknown''
- Bechara El Khoury, President of Lebanon (d. 1964)
- Taixu, Chinese Buddhist activist (d. 1947)
Deaths
January - June
- January 18 - King Amadeus I of Spain (b. 1845)
- February 22
- John Jacob Astor III, American businessman (b. 1822)
- Carl Heinrich Bloch, Danish painter (b. 1834)
- March 3 - Innocenzo da Berzo, Capuchin friar (b. 1844)
- March 7 - Karl Rudolf Friedenthal, Prussian statesman (b. 1827)
- March 9 - Sir Mangaldas Nathubhoy, Indian politician (b. 1832)
- April 1 - David Wilber, American politician (b. 1820)
- April 11 - Joseph Carey Merrick (The Elephant Man), English oddity (b. 1862)
- June 24 - Subba Row, Hindu theosophist (b. 1856)
- June 30 - Samuel Parkman Tuckerman, American composer (b. 1819)
July - December
- July 9 - Clinton B. Fisk, American philanthropist and Temperance movement|temperance activist (b. 1828)
- July 15 - Gottfried Keller, Swiss writer (b. 1819)
- July 29 - Vincent van Gogh, Dutch painter (b. 1853)
- August 11 - John Henry Newman, English Roman Catholic Cardinal (b. 1801)
- October 4 - Catherine Booth, the Mother of The Salvation Army (b. 1829)
- October 20- Sir Richard Francis Burton, Explorer, Linguist, Soldier. (b. 1820)
- October 26 - Carlo Collodi, Italian writer (b. 1826)
- November 3 - Ulrich Ochsenbein, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1811)
- November 8 - César Franck, Belgian composer and organist (b. 1822)
- November 11 - Charles-Marie David de Mayréna, French adventurer and self-styled "King of Sedang" (b. 1842)
- November 23 - King William III of the Netherlands (b. 1817)
- November 24 - August Belmont, Sr., Prussian-born financier (b. 1816)
- December 15 - Sitting Bull, Native American chief, (b. ''c.''1831)
- December 21 - Johanne Luise Heiberg, Danish actress (b. 1812)
- December 26 - Heinrich Schliemann, German archaeologist (b. 1822)
- December 31 - Pancha Carrasco, Costa Rican war heroine (b. 1826)
- ''date unknown'' - ''Comanche (horse)|Comanche,'' horse, sole survivor of George Armstrong Custer|Custer's cavalry at the Battle of Little Bighorn.
References
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