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1810
Year '''1810''' ('''Roman numerals|MDCCCX''') was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar).
Events of 1810
January - March
- January 10 - The marriage of Napoleon I of France|Napoleon and Josephine de Beauharnais|Josephine is annulled.
- January 20 - Tyrolean rebel leader Andreas Hofer is executed.
- March 4 - The French Army, under the command of Massena, retreats from Portugal.
- March 11 - Napoleon marries Marie-Louise of Austria.
April - June
- April 19 - Venezuela achieves home rule: Vicente Emparán, Governor of the Captaincy General, is removed by the people of Caracas and a Military junta|junta is installed.
- April 27 - Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven composes his famous piano piece, ''Für Elise''.
- May 1 - Macon's Bill No. 2 becomes law.
- May 10 - Revolutionaries occupy Buenos Aires' town hall.
- May 25 - May Revolution: Armed citizens of Buenos Aires expel the Viceroy from Spain and establish a provincial government for Argentina.
- June 4 - The Society in Dedham for Apprehending Horse Thieves is founded in Dedham, Massachusetts.
- June 23 - John Jacob Astor forms the Pacific Fur Company.
July - September
- July 9 - Napoleon annexes the Kingdom of Holland.
- July 20 - Colombia declares independence from Spain.
- August 6 - The city of Santa Cruz de Mompox, in modern-day Colombia, declares independence from the Spanish Empire.
- August 21 - Charles XIV John of Sweden|Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, Marshal of France, is elected Crown Prince of Sweden by the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates.
- September 8 - The ''Tonquin'' sets sail from New York Harbor with 33 employees of John Jacob Astor's newly created Pacific Fur Company on board. After a 6-month journey around the tip of South America, the ship arrives at the mouth of the Columbia River and Astor's men establish the fur-trading town of Astoria, Oregon|Astoria.
- September 16 - ''Grito de Dolores'': Miguel Hidalgo, a Catholic priest from Guanajuato, incites the revolt that becomes Mexican War of Independence|Mexico's Independence War.
- September 18 - Chile forms the National Junta, which is their first step towards independence.
- September 26 - A new Swedish Act of Succession|Act of Succession is adopted by the Riksdag of the Estates and Charles XIV of Sweden|Jean Baptiste Bernadotte becomes heir to the Sweden|Swedish throne.
October - December
- October 12 - First Oktoberfest: The Bavarian royalty invites the citizens of Munich to join the celebration of the marriage of Ludwig I of Bavaria|Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria to Princess Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen.
- October 27 - The United States annexes West Florida from Spain.
- November 10 - Berners Street Hoax: Theodore Hook manages to attract dozens of people to 54 Berners Street in London.
Undated
- Amadou Lobbo initiates his Amadu's Jihad|jihad in present-day Mali.
- Ching Shih and Chang Pao surrender their pirate fleet to the Chinese government.
- The first steamboat sails on the Ohio River.
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe publishes his ''Theory of Colours''.
- King George III of the United Kingdom|George III of the United Kingdom is recognized as insane.
- Moose become extinct in the Caucasus.
- Russia acquires Sukhumi through a treaty with the Abkhazian dukes, and declares a protectorate over the whole of Abkhazia.
- 18,000 Angolans are sold at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Adult cotton spinners stage a general strike in Manchester.
- Palm oil sales from West Africa to United Kingdom|Britain reach 1,000 tons.
- 4,500 chests of opium are sold in China.
Ongoing events
- Argentine War of Independence (1810-1818)
- Black War (1804-1835)
- Bolivian Independence War (1809-1824)
- Gunboat War (1807-1814)
- Napoleonic Wars (1799-1815) - Peninsular War
- Russo-Persian War (1804-1813)
- Russo-Turkish War (1806-1812)
Births
January - June
- January 3 - Antoine Thomson d'Abbadie, Irish-French geographer (d. 1897)
- February 5 - Ole Bull, Norwegian violinist (d. 1880)
- February 22 - Frédéric Chopin, Polish composer and pianist (d. 1849)
- March 2 - Pope Leo XIII (aka Count Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci) (d. 1903)
- March 10 - Samuel Ferguson, Northern Irish poet and artist (d. 1886)
- May 2 - Hans Christian Lumbye, Danish composer (d. 1874)
- May 23 - Margaret Fuller, American journalist and feminist (d. 1850)
- June 8 - Robert Schumann, German composer and pianist (d. 1856)
July - December
- July 5 - P. T. Barnum, American showman (d. 1891)
- July 21 - Henri Victor Regnault, French chemist and physicist (d. 1878)
- September 2 - William Seymour Tyler, American educator and historian (d. 1897)
- September 29 - Elizabeth Gaskell, British novelist (d. 1865)
- October 10 - James W. Marshall, American contractor and builder of Sutter's Mill (d. 1885)
- December 11 - Alfred de Musset, French poet (d. 1857)
- December 24 - Wilhelm Marstrand, Danish painter (d. 1873)
Deaths
January - June
- January 20 - Benjamin Chew, Chief Justice of colonial Pennsylvania (b. 1722)
- February 20 - Andreas Hofer, Tyrolean national hero (executed) (b. 1767)
- February 24 - Henry Cavendish, British scientist (b. 1731)
- March 7 - Cuthbert Collingwood, 1st Baron Collingwood, British admiral (b. 1750)
- June 7 - Luigi Schiavonetti, Italian engraver (b. 1765)
July - December
- July 19 - Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen of Prussia (b. 1776)
- August 12 - Etienne Louis Geoffroy, French pharmacist and entomologist (b. 1725)
- October 15 - Alfred Moore, American judge (b. 1755)
- November 11
- Johann Zoffany, German-born painter (b. 1733)
- John Laurance, American attorney, statesman, and judge (b. 1750)
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